Filing deadlines and notice rules
Tort claims: generally two years. Negligence suits and suits over unsafe property generally have to be filed within two years of accrual (C.R.S. 13-80-102(1)(a)), and strict liability suits over a defective product share that limit (C.R.S. 13-80-102(1)(b)).
Motor vehicle claims. Tort claims arising out of the use or operation of a motor vehicle generally have three years (C.R.S. 13-80-101(1)(n)). Suing a parts maker in strict liability over a defect in that vehicle is carved out, and a two-year period generally still applies (C.R.S. 13-80-101(1)(n)(II)).
182 days when government is involved. Some job sites and roads belong to a city, county or other public body. Where a public entity or one of its employees on the job may bear responsibility, written notice must be filed within 182 days after you discover the injury. The count runs even while you're still learning the facts. Missing the notice forever bars the claim (C.R.S. 24-10-109).
Under C.R.S. 13-80-108, the two- and three-year periods generally run from the day you became aware, or should have become aware, of the harm and what produced it. A minor's claim may run under separate timing rules. With so much depending on who was at fault and how you were hurt, a lawyer should check your date.
Premises liability on farms, plants and rentals: C.R.S. 13-21-115
The premises statute reaches a "person legally responsible for the condition of real property," and that can include a landlord. Whether you were a trespasser, a licensee or an invitee shapes what that party owed you, and a judge makes that classification.
Colorado's definition of an invitee covers two kinds of entrants: those who come to do business in which both they and the landowner have an interest, and those who respond to the owner's signal that the public is welcome. A feed delivery driver or a service technician working on another company's property might qualify. Unless the land is classified for property tax purposes as agricultural or vacant, an invitee can recover for dangers the owner actually knew about or should have known about.
On land classified for property tax purposes as agricultural or vacant, the rule is narrower: an invitee needs proof that the owner actually knew about the danger. A social guest counts as a licensee, and licensees generally need the same kind of proof (C.R.S. 13-21-115(4)(b)).
Shared fault: C.R.S. 13-21-111
Colorado compares negligence. As long as yours was not as great as the defendant's, the court reduces your damages by your percentage and you recover the rest. If your share equals or exceeds the defendant's, the defendant takes the judgment.
Consider a technician burned when a boiler's relief valve failed during a service call at a business. The property owner's insurer may argue the technician should have shut the system down first. If the technician were found 25 percent at fault and the owner 75 percent, the damages would be reduced by a quarter.
Noneconomic damages and the cap: C.R.S. 13-21-102.5
Harms like pain, emotional stress and a worse quality of life are grouped under noneconomic loss. For claims arising on or after January 1, 2025, Colorado limits those damages to $1.5 million. That ceiling isn't used for medical malpractice or wrongful death, and it is adjusted for inflation starting January 1, 2028.
Wages and medical expenses are economic losses, so the ceiling doesn't apply to them (C.R.S. 13-21-102.5(3)). C.R.S. 13-21-102.5(5) goes a step further by keeping the statute from limiting compensatory damages for physical impairment or disfigurement. For a worker who has lost grip strength or range of motion, that provision may apply.